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Crusader
Doberman Pinscher History
The breed originated in Germany, around 1900, taking
its name from Louis Dobermann of Apolda, a tax
collector, who desired a medium size dog to perform
as a guard dog as well as companion. Breeds utilized
to develop the Doberman Pinscher may have included,
the old shorthaired shepherd, Rottweiler, Black and
Tan Terrier and the German Pinscher.
The properly bred and trained Doberman has proved
itself as friend and guardian, As is developed, its
qualities of intelligence and ability to absorb and
retain training brought it into demand as a police
and war dog.
The Doberman Pinscher Club of America, founded in
1921 has continued to this day to foster the breed.
Doberman Pinscher Breed Standard
Working Group
General Appearance
The appearance is that of a dog of medium size, with
a body that is square. Compactly built, muscular and
powerful, for great endurance and speed. Elegant in
appearance, of proud carriage, reflecting great
nobility and temperament. Energetic, watchful,
determined, alert, fearless, loyal and obedient.
Size, Proportion, Substance
Height at the withers:
Dogs 26 to
28 inches, ideal about 27½ inches;
Bitches
24 to 26 inches, ideal about 25½ inches. The height,
measured vertically from the ground to the highest
point of the withers, equalling the length measured
horizontally from the forechest to the rear
projection of the upper thigh. Length of head, neck
and legs in proportion to length and depth of body.
Head
Long and dry, resembling a blunt wedge in both
frontal and profile views. When seen from the front,
the head widens gradually toward the base of the
ears in a practically unbroken line.
Eyes
almond shaped, moderately deep set, with vigorous,
energetic expression. Iris, of uniform color,
ranging from medium to darkest brown in black dogs;
in reds, blues, and fawns the color of the iris
blends with that of the markings, the darkest shade
being preferable in every case.
Ears
normally cropped and carried erect. The upper
attachment of the ear, when held erect, is on a
level with the top of the skull.
Top of skull flat, turning with slight stop to
bridge of muzzle, with muzzle line extending
parallel to top line of skull. Cheeks flat and
muscular. Nose solid black on black dogs,
dark brown on red ones, dark gray on blue ones, dark
tan on fawns. Lips lying close to jaws. Jaws full
and powerful, well filled under the eyes.
Teeth strongly developed and white. Lower
incisors upright and touching inside of upper
incisors a true scissors bite. 42 correctly placed
teeth, 22 in the lower, 20 in the upper jaw.
Distemper teeth shall not be penalized.
Disqualifying Faults: Overshot more than 3/16
of an inch. Undershot more than 1/8 of an inch. Four
or more missing teeth.
Neck, Topline, Body
Neck proudly carried, well muscled and dry.
Well arched, with nape of neck widening gradually
toward body. Length of neck proportioned to body and
head. Withers pronounced and forming the
highest point of the body. Back short, firm, of
sufficient width, and muscular at the loins,
extending in a straight line from withers to the
slightly rounded croup.
Chest broad with forechest well defined.
Ribs well sprung from the spine, but
flattened in lower end to permit elbow clearance.
Brisket reaching deep to the elbow.
Belly well tucked up, extending in a curved
line from the brisket.
Loins wide and
muscled. Hips broad and in proportion to
body, breadth of hips being approximately equal to
breadth of body at rib cage and shoulders.
Tail
docked at approximately second joint, appears to be
a continuation of the spine, and is carried only
slightly above the horizontal when the dog is alert.
Forequarters
Shoulder Blade - sloping forward and
downward at a 45-degree angle to the ground meets
the upper arm at an angle of 90 degrees. Length of
shoulder blade and upper arm are equal. Height from
elbow to withers approximately equals height from
ground to elbow. Legs seen from front and
side, perfectly straight and parallel to each other
from elbow to pastern; muscled and sinewy, with
heavy bone. In normal pose and when gaiting, the
elbows lie close to the brisket.
Pasterns
firm and almost perpendicular to the ground.
Dewclaws may be removed.
Feet well arched,
compact, and catlike, turning neither in nor out.
Hindquarters
The angulation of the hindquarters balances that of
the forequarters. Hip Bone falls away from
spinal column at an angle of about 30 degrees,
producing a slightly rounded, well filled-out croup.
Upper Shanks at right angles to the hip
bones, are long, wide, and well muscled on both
sides of thigh, with clearly defined stifles. Upper
and lower shanks are of equal length. While the dog
is at rest, hock to heel is perpendicular to the
ground. Viewed from the rear, the legs are straight,
parallel to each other, and wide enough apart to fit
in with a properly built body. Dewclaws, if any, are
generally removed.
Cat feet as on front
legs, turning neither in nor out.
Coat
Smooth-haired, short, hard, thick and close lying.
Invisible gray undercoat on neck permissible.
Color and Markings
Allowed Colors: Black, red, blue, and fawn
(Isabella). Markings: Rust, sharply
defined, appearing above each eye and on muzzle,
throat and forechest, on all legs and feet, and
below tail. White patch on chest, not exceeding ½
square inch, permissible.
Disqualifying Fault:
Dogs not of an allowed color.
Gait
Free, balanced, and vigorous, with good reach in the
forequarters and good driving power in the
hindquarters. When trotting, there is strong
rear-action drive. Each rear leg moves in line with
the foreleg on the same side. Rear and front legs
are thrown neither in nor out. Back remains strong
and firm. When moving at a fast trot, a properly
built dog will single-track.
Temperament
Energetic, watchful, determined, alert, fearless,
loyal and obedient.
The judge shall dismiss from
the ring any shy or vicious Doberman.
Shyness: A dog shall be judged
fundamentally shy if, refusing to stand for
examination, it shrinks away from the judge; if it
fears an approach from the rear; if it shies at
sudden and unusual noises to a marked degree.
Viciousness: A dog that attacks or attempts
to attack either the judge or its handler, is
definitely vicious. An aggressive or belligerent
attitude towards other dogs shall not be deemed
viciousness.
Faults
The foregoing description is that of the ideal
Doberman Pinscher. Any deviation from the above
described dog must be penalized to the extent of the
deviation.
Disqualifications
Overshot more than 3/16 of an inch, undershot
more than 1/8 of an inch. Four or more missing
teeth.
Dogs not of an allowed color.
Approved February 6, 1982
Reformatted November 6, 1990
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